Network packages and taxes: what a kWh costs in Estonia
The kWh price on an Estonian electricity bill = exchange price + seller margin + Elektrilevi network fee + state fees (2.181 c/kWh), all multiplied by 1.24× VAT. The network fee depends on the package and the time of day: Võrk 4 is the cheapest per kWh but has the highest monthly fee; Võrk 2 suits smaller consumption.
Elektrilevi network fees per kWh
Price list valid from 2026-06-01, low voltage up to 63 A. Cents per kWh excluding VAT; with VAT the price is 24% higher.
| Package | Flat rate | Day | Night | Day peak | Rest-day peak |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Võrk 1 | 7.72 | – | – | – | – |
| Võrk 2 | – | 6.07 | 3.51 | – | – |
| Võrk 4 | – | 3.69 | 2.10 | – | – |
| Võrk 5 | – | 5.29 | 3.03 | 8.18 | 4.74 |
Monthly fee by main fuse
Euros per month excluding VAT. “Apartment” applies to a flat in an apartment building whose share of the main fuse is up to 16 A.
| Main fuse | Võrk 1 | Võrk 2 | Võrk 4 | Võrk 5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apartment | 2.81 | 3.65 | 7.87 | 3.92 |
| 16 A | 4.85 | 6.80 | 16.91 | 7.32 |
| 20 A | 5.66 | 8.34 | 20.64 | 8.99 |
| 25 A | 6.48 | 9.83 | 24.96 | 10.60 |
| 32 A | 7.63 | 11.91 | 31.01 | 12.85 |
| 40 A | 8.94 | 14.29 | 37.92 | 15.42 |
| 50 A | 10.58 | 17.27 | 46.56 | 18.64 |
| 63 A | 12.71 | 21.14 | 57.79 | 22.83 |
When the day and night rates apply
The day rate applies Monday to Friday 07:00–22:00. Night is 22:00–07:00 on working days and all day on Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays. The holidays are New Year, 24 February, Good Friday, Easter Sunday, 1 May, Pentecost, 23 and 24 June, 20 August and 24–26 December – the calculator counts them all.
Võrk 5 adds winter peaks (November to March): on working days 09:00–12:00 and 16:00–20:00 the day-peak rate applies, on rest days 16:00–20:00 the rest-day peak rate. Võrk 1 has one rate around the clock.
The calculator applies exactly these rules to every 15-minute interval, in Estonian local time with summer and winter time.
State fees and VAT
Every kWh consumed also carries the renewable energy fee of 0.840 c/kWh, the electricity excise of 0.210 c/kWh (the rise planned for 1 May 2026 was repealed), the security-of-supply fee of 0.758 c/kWh (from 1 January 2026) and the balancing capacity fee of 0.373 c/kWh (for 2026; Elering has announced a drop to 0.297 in 2027). Together 2.181 c/kWh excluding VAT.
VAT of 24% is added to the whole bill: energy, margin, network fee and state fees. Electricity sold by a private small producer carries no VAT; a VAT-registered producer adds it.
Example: what 1 kWh costs at an exchange price of 100 €/MWh
With a seller margin of 0.40 c/kWh, the state fees and VAT. The calculator does the same sum for every quarter-hour with the real exchange price.
| Package | Buying by day | Buying at night | Buying at peak |
|---|---|---|---|
| Võrk 1 | €0.25 | €0.25 | – |
| Võrk 2 | €0.23 | €0.20 | – |
| Võrk 4 | €0.20 | €0.18 | – |
| Võrk 5 | €0.22 | €0.19 | €0.26 |
What you get for a kWh sold
The electricity seller buys a small producer’s surplus at the exchange price minus a margin, for example 1.8 c/kWh at Enefit. At an exchange price of 100 €/MWh you therefore get €0.08 per kWh – with no network fee or taxes, because none apply to sales. That is 3–4 times less than buying the same kWh costs, which is why self-consumption and a battery matter so much.
When the exchange price is below the margin, the sale price is negative: you pay to export. In the calculator you can set an exchange-price threshold below which surplus is not sold (2 c/kWh by default), as many solar owners do.
Which package suits whom
- Võrk 4: the cheapest kWh (3.69 / 2.10 c) but an expensive monthly fee. Pays off at high consumption – above roughly 7 000 kWh a year with a 25 A fuse – i.e. for most houses with a heat pump or an electric car.
- Võrk 2: a moderate kWh price and a small monthly fee; sensible for flats and houses with lower consumption. Võrk 1 with one rate only makes sense when consumption is small and mostly by day.
- Võrk 5: cheaper by day than Võrk 2, but expensive winter peaks. Suits a home that can steer consumption and the battery away from the peaks – the calculator shows whether it pays.
- Switch the package in the calculator and look at the bill: the result also counts the monthly fee and the fact that a battery shifts purchases into the night hours.
Frequently asked questions
- Võrk 2 or Võrk 4?
- A Võrk 4 kWh is 2.38 cents cheaper by day and 1.41 cents cheaper at night, but the monthly fee with a 25 A fuse is 15.13 € higher (excl. VAT). The break-even is around 7 000 kWh a year; for a heat-pump house (12,000 kWh in the default scenario) Võrk 4 is clearly cheaper.
- Is the network fee paid on electricity sold too?
- No. The network fee, state fees and VAT apply only to kWh bought from the grid. On sales you get the exchange price minus the seller’s margin.
- What is the balancing capacity fee?
- A new Elering line from 1 January 2026, 0.373 c/kWh excl. VAT: it covers the cost of keeping reserves, including what batteries are paid on the capacity market. About €1 a month for an average flat.
- Does the calculator count public holidays?
- Yes. Public holidays get the night rate and the Võrk 5 rest-day peak rule, exactly as in the Elektrilevi price list.
- How much does a kWh cost at night on Võrk 4?
- At an exchange price of 100 €/MWh and a 0.40 c margin, €0.18 including VAT; by day €0.20.
Sources
- Network fees: Elektrilevi võrguteenuse hinnakiri (1.6.2026)
- State fees: Elering – tasakaalustamisvõimsuse tasu, Elering
- Selling to the grid: Enefit väiketootja